Temporal arteritis is a condition caused by irritation and spasm of the arteries around the face and head. Chronic headaches and visual problems are common symptoms. While trying to determine the cause of these symptoms, your primary care physician may refer you to a surgeon for temporal artery biopsy. This is a minor procedure performed in the office or in outpatient surgery. Small incisions are made in front of each ear and a small section of the temporal artery is removed and sent to the lab for examination. Results can be very helpful in determining treatment of this condition.